GILBERT, FELIX

GILBERT, FELIX (1905–1991), U.S. historian. Born in Baden, Germany, Gilbert immigrated to the U.S. in 1936. During World War II he served as research analyst in the Office of Strategic Services and the U.S. Department of State (1943–46). In 1946 he joined the faculty of Bryn Mawr College, rising to the position of professor of history in 1948. From 1962 he was professor at the School of Historical Studies at the Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton. Gilbert's principal scholarly interests were the Italian Renaissance and diplomatic history of the 18th and 20th centuries. Among his major works were Hitler Directs His War (1951), To the Farewell Address: Ideas of Early American Foreign Policy (1961), Niccolò Machiavelli e la vita culturale del suo tempo (1964), Machiavelli and Guicciardini: Politics and History in Sixteenth-century Florence (1965), The End of the European Era: 1890 to the Present (1970), The Pope, His Banker, and Venice (1980), and A European Past: Memoirs, 1905–1945 (1988). With G.A. Craig he edited The Diplomats, 1919–1939 (2 vols, 1953–63), and he was the general editor of the Norton History of Modern Europe (1971). -ADD. BIBLIOGRAPHY: H. Lehmann, Felix Gilbert as Scholar and Teacher (1992). (Oscar Isaiah Janowsky / Ruth Beloff (2nd ed.)